Python Packages: Organizing Modules Efficiently

Learn how to create and organize packages in Python. A package is a directory containing multiple modules. Follow the steps to create a package, including setting up folders and necessary files like __init__.py, and adding your modules.

Python Packages

A package in Python is a way to organize a collection of modules. Physically, a package is a folder containing one or more module files.

Creating a Package

To create a package named mypackage:

1. Create a new folder named D:\MyApp.
2. Inside MyApp, create a subfolder named mypackage.
3. Create an empty __init__.py file in the mypackage folder.
4. Create modules greet.py and functions.py with the provided code.

Importing from a Package

To use modules from the mypackage:

from mypackage import functions
print(functions.power(3, 2))  # Output: 9
        

Importing specific functions:

from mypackage.functions import sum
print(sum(10, 20))  # Output: 30
        

__init__.py File

The __init__.py file in a package folder specifies what should be exposed when the package is imported.

from .functions import average, power
from .greet import SayHello
        

Testing the Package

Create test.py in D:\MyApp to test mypackage:

from mypackage import power, average, SayHello

SayHello("world")
x = power(3, 2)
print("power(3, 2) : ", x)
        

Installing a Package Globally

To install mypackage for system-wide use:

from setuptools import setup

setup(
    name='mypackage',
    version='0.1',
    description='Testing installation of Package',
    url='#',
    author='author',
    author_email='author@email.com',
    license='MIT',
    packages=['mypackage'],
    zip_safe=False
)