BOOTP vs. RARP: Older Network Protocols for IP Address Assignment

Compare and contrast the now-largely-obsolete network protocols BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol) and RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol). This guide explains their functionalities, limitations, and why they have been largely replaced by DHCP in modern networking.

BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol) vs. RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)

Introduction

BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol) and RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) are older network protocols used for assigning IP addresses to devices. While both served a similar purpose, BOOTP was an improvement over RARP, and both have largely been replaced by DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) in modern networks.

What is RARP?

RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) is used by a device to obtain its IP address from its MAC (Media Access Control) address. This is particularly useful for diskless workstations—computers that don't store their network configuration persistently. The device sends a broadcast message containing its MAC address and the RARP server responds with the IP address.

Why RARP is Obsolete

RARP is now considered obsolete because more advanced protocols like BOOTP and DHCP provide better functionality and scalability, particularly in larger networks with many subnets.

What is BOOTP?

BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol) is a protocol that provides a way for a device to automatically obtain its IP address from a server. It's similar to RARP but is more flexible and better suited for various network configurations. While still used in some niche situations, BOOTP is mostly superseded by DHCP in modern networks.

Key Features of BOOTP

• Automatic IP Address Assignment: Simplifies network configuration.
• Dynamic Addressing: Assigns a unique IP address from a pool of addresses.
• Reduced Boot Time: Faster network setup.
• Suitable for Diskless Systems: Helpful for devices without persistent storage.

Disadvantages of BOOTP

• Doesn't support temporary IP addresses (leases).
• Prone to configuration errors (often manual setup).
• Less flexible than DHCP.

BOOTP vs. RARP: A Comparison

Conclusion

Both RARP and BOOTP were early methods for assigning IP addresses, but BOOTP offered improvements in functionality and security. However, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is now the prevalent method for dynamic IP address allocation in modern networks due to its increased capabilities and better scalability.